Record $5.6 Million Penalty for Oil Companies in Gun-Jumping Antitrust Case
In a historic move, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has hit three major oil companies—XCL Resources Holdings, LLC (XCL), Verdun Oil Company II LLC (Verdun), and EP Energy LLC (EP)—with a $5.6 million fine. The fine settles allegations that the companies violated antitrust laws through illegal coordination before a merger, a practice known as “gun jumping.” This marks the largest penalty ever imposed for such a violation in U.S. history.